Introduction

Known as the Paris of Arabia, Jeddah is a modern metropolitan area, on the Red Sea coast, it is also the one of the most interesting and welcoming of Saudi Arabia's big cities. Jeddah, the largest city in Saudi Arabia's Western Province, it bustles, dazzles and resounds with industry, technology and cosmopolitan life.

Jeddah has some great museums, including the Municipality Museum. Located in a 200-year-old restored traditional house built from Red Sea coral, the museum has interesting photos of the development of Jeddah, along with rooms done up in traditional style.

Jeddah has one of the best souks (markets) in the kingdom, the spectacular Souk Al-Alawi, which winds its way through the old city. Although some sections of it have been paved over, and others fitted with bizarre green and white columns, it's still a great place to spend hours strolling and browsing. Jeddah's 3 reconstructed old city gates are also worth a look, as are the several good examples of traditional Jeddah architecture found around the North City Gate.

Area – In 1947 Jeddah occupied an area of 1 km², but following its civic and architectural development, this area has increased to 560 km² and its Red Sea paved coastline stretches 80 km from north to south.

Population: In 1947 Jeddah's population was 30,000 people. Now it is over one and a quarter million.

Religion: Islam is the official religion of Saudi Arabia and culture revolves almost entirely around it - two of Islam's holiest sites are in the country, and it is considered the birthplace of the religion. A monotheistic religion, Islam's holy book is the Qur'an, and Friday is its Sabbath day. Every day, five times a day, Muslims are called to prayer from the minarets of mosques. The Qur'an is Saudi Arabia's constitution, and Shari'ah (Islamic law) is the foundation of its legal system.

Language: Arabic is the main language in the country and is the language used in all official departments. English is the second language and can be seen on street signs and advertisements. Most of the younger and many of the older generations speak English moderately well so communication is not a problem.

Transportation: Facilities are available in the Kingdom either by air where daily flights serve all the main cities or by land through a number of air conditioned buses. Car rentals are available and are a better option if traveling by land in or around Jeddah. Inside Jeddah the easiest most of transportation is the taxi service that is reasonably priced and highly available.

Climate and Temperature: Jeddah's climate is generally humid reaching 98% sometimes. Average temperatures are 23^o C in January and 32^o C in July

Currency: The Saudi Arabian currency is the Riyal, which is divided into 100 halalas. Notes are 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500. There is a coin system but it is rarely used except of telephones. One US Dollar is approximately worth 3.75 Saudi Riyals.

Entry and Transit: Visas: There is no such thing as a tourist visa for Saudi Arabia. The only way to enter the country is with a visitor's, transit or (if you're Muslim) hajj or umrah visa. To get a visitor's visa you will have to be sponsored by a Saudi individual or company. Your other option is a 24 or 48-hour transit visa - to get one you have to prove that you had no choice other than to stop-over in Saudi Arabia en route to your final destination. Health Risks: No particular risks, but you should consider vaccinations for hepatitisA.

Holidays: Saudi Arabia's only holidays are Islamic though they do celebrate national days and events. The larger holiday revolves around Ramadan, a month when everyone fasts between sunrise and sunset to conform to the fourth pillar of Islam. During Ramadan life reflects the fast and it is expected that non-Muslims respect the fast and refrain from eating, drinking or smoking in public during the day. Ramadan ends with a huge feast, Eid al-Fitr, which starts with a large prayer gathering then visits to relatives and friends. Presents are usually given to children and close family. The holiday lasts for three days. Eid al-Adah, held around March, is the other big feast of the year, and marks the time when Muslims complete the first day of the pilgrimage to Mecca.

Working Hours: Government agencies and departments work from 7:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. and take Thursday and Friday as a weekend. Private establishments and companies work one shift from 8:00 a.m. to 5 p.m. or two shifts from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. and from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. with half day Thursdays and Fridays off. All businesses close for the five prayers during the day.

Facts: Time: GMT/UTC plus 3 hours, Electricity: 110V, 50Hz though you will find 220V outlets, Weights & measures: Metric